This paper describes a novel system capable of intraoperatively measuring knee movement after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on a real-time basis. Such intraoperative measurement has yet to be attempted, despite a number of clinical benefits, due to difficult prerequisites, such as sterilizability, high operationality and measurement accuracy. To achieve this, we employed a linear CCD camera-based photostereometric system, KKN/1B, which can measure knee movement in 6 degrees-of freedom. By combining kinematic data obtained form KKN/1B with geometric data of opposing articular surfaces of prosthetic components, the inter-surface articulation was computed and subsequently visualized by using either a wire-frame representation or a distance map on the tibial surface. To realize a real-time visualization, a fast algorithm was incorporated for time-consuming distance-map computation. Through experiments using six patients, our system was verified to be applicable to intraoperative measurement and analysis of knee kinematics.